Oil burner



M. RABER OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 24, 1923 WITNESSES INVENTOR fl/dZ/fllaa Eden I BY I v M f;

A TTORNE YS Patented Get. 14, 1924.

UNITED STATES MATHIAS IRABER, OF BEND, OREGON.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed August 24, 1923. Serial No. 659,194.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MATH'IAS RABER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Bend, in the county of Deschutes and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in oil burners and it consists of the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of the invention is to provide a burner adapted to be used in connection with all types of steam boilers, for example, stationary, marine and locomotive boilers, for the purpose of furnishing the heat to generate steam.

A further object of the invention is to provide a burner in which the oil is atomized by live steam.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner in which all of the parts are readily separable for purposes of cleaning and repair, and therefore also readily replaceable in the event that any part should develop a defect.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the improved burner,

Figure 2 is a rear elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is a front elevation showing the shape of the nozzle orifice, and

Figure 4 is a detail cross section on the line H of Figure 1..

In carrying out the invention provision is made of a tubular casing 1 which constitutes the steam chamber. One end of the casing is externally threaded at 2 to receive the union connection 3 the other end being internally threaded at 4 to receive the mixing head 5.

Connected to the member 3 by means of a union nut 6 is the stufiing box head 7 which carries glands 8 and 9 and has a threaded inlet 10 through which steam is introduced to the chamber 1. The head 7 also has a drain outlet 11 through which any accumulation of moisture may be drawn ofi. In practice both openings 10 and 11 will be furnished with such pipes, valves, etc. as may be necessary.

Fitted in the front end of the mixing head 5 is a nozzle or tip 12 through which the mixture of steam and oil which commingles in the mixing chamber 13 passes into the fire box of the boiler. This tip is threaded at 14 and screwed into the end of the head 5. It is to be observed that the exposed end of the tip 12 is closed at 15 the closure wallhaving a rather long but narrow slit 16 through. which the mixture escapes in a fiat fan-shape and with considerable force.

Situated in the mixing chamber 13 are steam and oil nozzles 17 and 18. These are situated at right angles to each other, the passage of steam across the end of the oil nozzle 18 setting up a siphonic action which will draw the oil from the oil pipe 19. This pipe passes through the gland 9, the obvious purpose of the gland being to make a tight joint at the place where the pipe leaves the head 7. Similarly, the stem 20 of the needle valve 21 passes through the gland 8, this gland being for the same purpose. The exposed end of the stem 20 has a hand wheel 22 by means of which adjustments of the needle valve are made. This needle valve operates in a steam passage 23 which has a plurality of lateral inlets 24 in communication with the steam chamber inside of the casing 1. The needle valve controls the flow of steam from the passage 23 to the duct 25 of the nozzle 17.

The oil nozzle 18 is of a somewhat similar construction in that it has a central duct 26 with which a lateral opening communicates, this opening receiving the oil from the passage 28 into which the pipe 19 discharges. The exposed end of the passage 26 is closed by a plug 29, the latter being removable to permit cleaning out the nozzle without actually removing the nozzle from the burner. It is to be observed that the passage 26 tapers thereby adding to the pressure of the oil as it nears the orifice of the nozzle. A look nut 30 keeps the oil nozzle in the de .sired fixed position. A set screw 31 performs a similar function for the steam nozzle 17.

All important joints, as for example, between the connection 3 and stufiing box head 7, casing 1 and mixing head 5, etc., will in practice he fitted with copper or other gaskets so as to make the leakage of steam or oil impossible. It is to be observed. that both the steam and oil nozzles 17 and 18 are threaded so as to permit screwing them into place in the right angled positions in the mixing head 5. This manner of mounting the nozzles not only insures tight joints therefor but also permits their ready removal when the occasion requires. The length of the casing 1 is variable, and the particular length thereof has no direct bearing. on the invention. The particular materials of which the various parts are made also has no direct bearing on the invention but in practice the casing 1 and oil pipe 19 will be made of wrought iron, the connection 3, nut 6 and head 7 of cast iron, the tip 12 of steel, and the head 5 and nozzles 17 and 18 of cast brass.

The operation may be briefly reviewed to advantage. In practice the improved oil burner is inserted into the furnace end up to the union connection 3 and therefore the major portion of the oil burner is located within the furnace fire box. This disposal of the burner is intentional. The heat of the interior of the fire box is'very useful in aiding the operation of the burner.

The mixing or atomizing apparatus 17 and 18 is situated at the front extremity of the burner to receive the full advantage of the heat. The mixing apparatus being on the inside of the furnace permits the super-' heating of the steam and causes a more thorough atomization of the oil. The superheating of the steam occurs in the casing 1. Inasmuch as steam is admitted at the rear end of the casing and most of the casing is subjected to the heat of the furnace it becomes evident that the steam contained thereby must be superheated before it passes through the needle valve into the mixing chamber 13.

The needle valve 521 permits close regulation of the steam through the steam nozzle 17. Inasmuch as the oil pipe 19 is surrounded by an atmosphere of superheated steam the oil is brought to a high temperature thereby facilitating the siphonic action in the nozzle 18. It is obvious that almost any desired temperature of the oil may be obtained according to the length of'the pipe 19 through the superheated steam chamber. The fact that a siphonic action in the nozzle 18 is mentioned presupposes a gravity oil feed for the pipe 19. The reader will readily understand that the use of the burner is not confined to connection with a gravity oil feed. Oil may be introduced into the pipe 19 under pressure and it is also possible to turn the burner upside down so that the oil nozzle 18 points down instead of up. This disposal of the oil burner will facilitate the introduction of the oil when in use in connection with a source of supply having a very low oil pressure.

It may be well to emphasize the fact that this burner is an inside mixer. It is intended that the oil shall be thoroughly atomized before introduction into the fire box of the furnace. This can be accomplished only by means of very hot steam, and the hottest steam obtainable is that which is superheated. superheated steam has high expansive power, and inasmuch as it is more potent than steam at ordinary pressure less will be required to perform a given result so far as atomization of oil is concerned. The burner herein disclosed is therefore regarded as being economical in the use of steam and quite eflicient in causing the atomization of oil before sending it into the furnace. It may be mentioned that the shape of the slit 16 is immaterial. The shape will be regulated according to the size and shape of flame desired.

While the construction and arrangement of the improved oil burner as herein described and claimed is that of a generally preferred form, obviously modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. An oil burner comprising a head into i which steam is to be introduced, a casing to contain the steam, a connection by which the casing is joined to the head up to which the casing is insertable into a furnace to be subjected to the heat for the superheating of the steam, mixing apparatus at front of the'casing including a mixing chamber, a nozzle directed into said chamber and receiving superheated steam from said casing, an oil nozzle directed into said chamber at right angles to the steam nozzle, and an oil supply pipe for the oil nozzle extending through the superheated steam atmosphere into said mixing apparatus.

2. An oil burner comprising a head into which steam is to be introduced, a casing to contain the steam, a connection by which the casing is joined to the head up to which I the casing is insertable into a furnace to be subjected to the heat for the superheating of the steam, mixing apparatus at front of the casing including a mixing chamber, a

nozzle directed into said chamber and re- 3 ceiving superheated steam from said casing, an oil nozzle directed into said chamber at right angles to the steam nozzle, an oil supply pipe for the oil nozzle extending through the superheated steam atmosphere into said mixing apparatus, and a cupshaped tip communicating with said mixing chamber having an exposed wall with an orifice through which the mixture is ex-- pelled.

3. An oil burner comprising a casing adapted to be filled with steam, a head carrying the casing and closing one end thereof, mixing apparatus carried by and closing the other end of the casing, a nozzle forming part of the mixing apparatus extending coaxially with the casing and being adapted to receive steam therefrom, a steam control valve for said nozzle having a stem extending coaxially with the casing to a point outside of the head, an oil nozzle in said apparatus extending at right angles to the steam nozzle, and an oil supply pipe for said nozzle extending coaxially of the casing to a point outside of the head.

4:. An oil burner comprising a mixing head having a chamber, a steam nozzle directed into said chamber having a duct com municating with a passage having lateral openings, a needle valve operable against said duct to control the volume of steam, an oil nozzle entering said chamber at right angles to the steam nozzle having a tapering passage with a lateral opening at which the oil is supplied, and a cup-shaped tip fitted into the mixing head to communicate with said chamber the exposed end of the tip having a closure wall provided with a mixture outlet.

5. An oil burner comprisingamixing head having a mixing chamber partly threaded and a threaded opening at right angles, a steam nozzle screwed into the mixing chamber, means carried by the head to bind against the steam nozzle and lock it in place, an oil nozzle screwed into the threaded opening and having a tapering passa e discharging into the mixing chamber 0 ose to the steam nozzle, means to lock the oil nozzle in place, and a plug closing the outer end of the oil passage adapted to be removed for cleaning out.

6. An oil burner comprisin a head havin a steam inlet and carrying a pair of packing glands, a steam casing, a connection carried thereby to abut the head, a union nut to fasten the casing to the head through said connection, a mixing head carried by the casing, a pair of nozzles carried by said head extending at right angles one being in communication with the interior of the casing to receive steam, a needle valve for controlling the flow of steam through said nozzle including a stem extending through one of the glands to a point outside of the head, an 011 pipe extending through the other gland and the entire length of the easing to apoint of supply to the other nozzle, and a tip carried by the mixing head to receive the mixture of steam and oil and discharge it into the furnace.

MATHIAS RABER. 

